Bitcoin Factor Analysis

December 4, 2025 BTC: $92,807

Objective

Determine which factors predict Bitcoin forward returns, and establish precedence when signals conflict.

Factors Examined

I selected three factors, each representing a different hypothesis about Bitcoin price drivers:

Factor Hypothesis Mechanism
Power Law Price follows long-term log growth; deviations mean-revert Network effects drive adoption along predictable curve
Halving Cycle Supply schedule creates ~4-year market cycles Block reward halving reduces sell pressure, triggers bull runs
Fed/Macro Bitcoin responds to system-wide liquidity QE/QT and rate changes flow through to risk assets

Current Signals

Power Law Deviation
-35.5%
Undervalued
Halving Phase
Day 593
Distribution
Net Liquidity 90d
-6.8%
Contracting

The Power Law and Halving Phase signals conflict. This analysis determined which should take precedence.

Key Findings

1. Single-Factor Correlations

Power Law Deviation shows the strongest correlation with 90-day forward returns (-0.449 vs -0.289 for Halving Phase).

2. Interaction Effect

When I tested "undervalued" observations across different phases, results diverged sharply:

Scenario Mean 90d Return Win Rate
Undervalued + Bull Phase +50.3% 100%
Undervalued + Distribution -13.3% 6.9%

The same valuation signal produces opposite outcomes depending on phase.

Halving wave analysis showing current position in Early Distribution phase
Current cycle position: Early Distribution (Day 593). Historical returns by phase show Distribution consistently underperforms.

3. Interpretation

Power Law's aggregate correlation masks regime-dependent performance. It works during Pre-Halving and Bull phases but fails during Distribution. Halving Phase acts as a regime filter that determines whether valuation signals are reliable.

Historical Precedent for Current Setup

Undervalued + Distribution (n=159):

Metric Value
Mean 90d return -16.6%
Win rate 5.7%
95th percentile +4.2%

Assessment

90-Day Outlook
Negative

The undervaluation reading is not reliable during Distribution phase. Historical precedent shows 94% of similar setups produced negative 90-day returns.

Conditions That Would Change This

  1. Phase transition (~November 2027 for Pre-Halving)
  2. Extreme undervaluation (<-50%)
  3. Fed pivot to quantitative easing